As Geert said, publish_tf=false won't disable the publishing of the map topic, just map->odom TF. That topic is always advertised, you can remap it to another name if you want to use /map for a topic published by another node (e..g, map_server). /map is not generated if nobody is subscribed on it.
/grid_prob_map is similar to /map, but occupancy probabilities are not thresholded.
Additionally, I would like to enhance the navigation results by using a higher resolution map. However, when I set 'Grid/CellSize' lower than 0.05, RTAB-Map crashes. Is there any way to reduce the CellSize below 0.05?
This sounds like a bug, how small did you set the cells?